Volleyball is played in a women’s
gym class
circa 1950s.
(Click image to enlarge)
From the Gym to the
Sand
In the 1940s, another style of volleyball was
developing up and down the California coast.
Teams of two or four players would square off
on sand volleyball courts. Young and old players
would form impromptu competitions on the beach.
Spectators would often gather to watch the volleyball
matches. Before long, the best teams were traveling
up and down the coast to play in beach volleyball
tournaments. The first two-man volleyball tournament
was held at State Beach, California in 1943.
In 1965, The California Beach
Volleyball Association was founded. It was responsible
for standardizing the rules of the beach and
for organizing official tournaments. By 1976,
the very best players on the beach were competing
for prize money as professionals. Male players
formed the AVP, the Association of Volleyball
Professionals, in 1983. Women beach volleyball
players formed their own association in 1986.
When former college and Olympic
indoor volleyball stars began playing on the
beach the sport became even more popular. Beach
volleyball spread from California to Florida
and then to other states—even to some
that don’t have beaches. In some areas,
beach volleyball is played indoors in arenas
filled with sand. By 1993, beach volleyball
had become so popular in the United States,
that tournaments were broadcast on national
television.
In 1987, two-men beach volleyball
teams competed in the first world championships.
The first two-women’s world championships
were played in 1993. Four-player beach teams
became popular in the 1990s.
Volleyball Goes for
the Gold
Today, men’s and women’s competition
in both indoor and beach volleyball are part
of the Olympic games. Indoor volleyball became
an Olympic sport in 1964. The host team, Japan,
won the women’s gold medal. In the first
four women’s Olympic volleyball competitions,
Japan and the Soviet Union met in the finals.
The Soviets prevailed in 1968 and 1972. Japan
won again in 1972.
In the men’s medal competition,
the Soviet Union has been dominant. After winning
gold at the first Olympic volleyball competition,
the Soviet men won a medal in each of the next
five Olympics they competed in—three golds,
one silver and one bronze. The US men’s
team won back-to-back gold medals in 1984 and
1988.
Beach Volleyball became on
Olympic sport at the 1996 Atlanta games. The
US, Brazil and Australia have been the teams
to beat on Olympic sand.
Olympic Volleyball Champions
Year
Mens Indoor Gold
Womens Indoor Gold
1964
Soviet Union
Japan
1968
Soviet Union
Soviet Union
1972
Japan
Soviet Union
1976
Poland
Japan
1980
Soviet Union
Soviet Union
1984
United States
China
1988
United States
Soviet Union
1992
Brazil
Cuba
1996
Netherlands
Cuba
2000
Yugoslavia
Cuba
2004
Brazil
China
2008
United States
Brazile
Olympic Volleyball Champions
Year
Mens Beach Gold
Womens Beach Gold
1996
United States
Brazil
2000
United States
Australia
2004
Brazil
United States
2008
United States
Unites States
A Game for the
Best
Hardly anyone watching the fast, powerful sport
of modern volleyball would recognize it as a
game originally designed as a less-strenuous
form of recreation for middle-aged men. Today,
some of the world’s very best athletes
are digging, setting and spiking the ball in
gyms and on beaches throughout the world.